Kievan Rus': Power

Russia:

• Kievan Rus' (860-1240)
• Appanage Period (1240-1480)
• Muscovy (1480-1700)
• Imperial Russia (1700-1917)
• Soviet Union (1917-1991)
• Russian Federation (1991-present)

Tale of Bygone Years/Primary Chronicle

Kiev

podzol

chernozem

steppe

Khazars

Varangians

Byzantine Empire

Constantinople

tribute

Riurik

Novgorod

Askold and Dir

Riurikid dynasty

Oleg

Igor

Olga