Ricoeur: Excerpt

Paul Ricoeur, “Hermeneutics and the Critique of Ideology.” In Jihn B Thompson (ed., trans.). Hermeneutics and The Human Sciences. Cambridge/Paris: Cambridge University Press & Editions de la Maison des Sciences de l'Homme; citations from 1987 reprint.


[Heidegger’s question]
“[I]n the end, hermeneutics will say, from where do you [Habermas] speak when you appeal to self-reflexion [Selbstreflexion], if it is not from the place you yourself have denounced as a non-place, the non-place of the transcendental subject?”


[Neitzsche’s suspicions.]
“It is indeed from the basis of a tradition that you speak. This tradition is not perhaps the same as Gadamer’s; it is perhaps that of the Enlightenment [Aufklårung], whereas Gadamer’s would be Romanticism. But it [ideological critique] is a tradition nonetheless, the tradition of emancipation rather than that of recollection [cf. Gadamer].”


“Critique is also a tradition.”


[But Habermasian critique is immediately reframed]
“I would even say that it [ideological criticism] plunges into the most impressive tradition, that of liberating acts, of the Exodus and the Resurrection. Perhaps there would be no more interest in emancipation, no more anticipation of freedom, if the Exodus and the Resurrection were effaced from the memory of [hu]mankind... If that is so, then nothing is more deceptive than the alleged antinomy between an ontology of prior understanding and an eschatology of freedom.”


[We have returned to Heidegger’s authenticity and understanding, but now with greater hope, or with a self-liberating remembrance of things past]


“We have encountered these false antinomies elsewhere: as if it were necessary to choose between [Gadamer’s] reminiscence and [Habermas’] hope! In theological terms, eschatology is nothing without the recitation of acts of deliverance from the past.”