1. Cathedrals
1. Bishop and clergy are a unit; there are no parishes
2. Bishops, clergy, and committed laypeople join in the cathedral liturgy
3. In large cities, such as Rome, subordinate churches may come into existence in different areas of the city, but the clergy don't live there, and bread from the bishop's eucharist is taken to the other churches
4. Our modern historiographical assumption is that the story of Christianity focuses on bishops and cathedrals, but Christians in the centuries after Augustine would have thought that it focuses on the monks and the saints
2. Christian worship
1. Public liturgy becomes more elaborate after Constantine. This is partly because large amounts of money come into the church, partly also because of the social function of liturgy. The special case of Jerusalem; Egeria, Cyril of Jerusalem.
2. Basilicas
3. Daily offices (see Robert Taft, Liturgy of the Hours in East and West, 1986
1. Cathedral offices : first noted by Eusebius : morning and evening : morning probably usually includes psalms (incl. 63 [62]), Gloria, intercessions, blessing and dismissal; evening includes light service and hymn, confession, psalms (incl. 141 [140]). Symbol and ceremony (light, incense, procession), diversity of ministries.
2. Monastic office : one at dawn, one in the evening : psalms, private prayer, prostration, collect, two readings from the Bible (in Egypt, in the monks' cells Monday through Friday, together, Saturday and Sunday)
3. Urban monastic offices: additional day offices. Attracted others besides monks
4. Eucharist
1. Of lesser importance in monastic situations
2. Cathedral situations : Liturgical Movement views
5. Liturgical Year (Thomas Talley, Origins of the Liturgical Year, 1986)\
1. Paschal vigil. Calculation of Christian passover was in dispute. The practice developed for the fast to begin on the Friday and end on the Sunday. In the fourth century (apparently), observances for Holy Week and Easter Week develop
2. Pentecost
3. Christmas
1. December 25 date is (arguably) recognized before 311 (in the west; later in the east)
1. Appropriate because of date of passion (Hippolytus)
2. Scripture: computation of the annunciation to Zechariah at Yom Kippur (Luke 1:8-13; Luke 1:26ff.)
3. Solstice ideas
4. Lent : earliest evidence, 330. Differences in number of days of prepaschal fast