Acute Necrotizing Hemorrhagic Encephalomyelitis (ANHE)

Acute Hemorrhagic Leukoencephalitis of Weston Hurst

 

Epidemiology:

    • Young adults and children

 

Common sites:

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Gross features:

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Histologic features:

    • myelin loss with relative preservation of axons
      • perivenular distribution diffusely involving white matter
    • lipid-laden macrophages
    • Destruction of small blood vessels
      • Fibrinoid necrosis
    • Necrosis of white and gray matter
      • Acute hemorrhage
      • Fibrin deposition
      • Abundant neutrophils pouring from vessels
      • Scattered lymphocytes

 

Immunophenotype:

Marker:

Sensitivity:

Specificity:

 

 

 

 

Molecular features:

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Other features:

    • fulminant syndrome of CNS demyelination
    • preceding URTI almost always
    • fatal in many

 

References:

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