Cell-mediated Immune Disorders (Type IV Hypersensitivity)

Epidemiology and Etiology:

• Activated T lymphocytes
• Release of cytokines
• Macrophage activation
• T cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Common sites:

• Skin:
• Contact dermatitis
• CNS:
• Multiple sclerosis
• Pancreas:
• Type I diabetes
• Transplant rejection
• Lung:
• tuberculosis

Gross features:

Histologic features:

• Perivascular cellular infiltrates
• Edema
• Cell death
• Granuloma formation

Immunophenotype:

Marker:

Sensitivity:

Specificity:

Molecular features:

Other features:

References:

• Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (2005)