Trichinosis
Epidemiology and Etiology:
- Trichinella
spiralis
- Infected foods:
- Lifecycle:
- Larvae ingested
(undercooked pork)
- Develop into adults in the gut
- Adults mate and release new larvae
- Larvae penetrate into tissues
- Disseminate hematogenously
- Spread into muscle cells (intracellular parasite)
- Transforms muscle cell:
- Loses striations
- Develops collagenous
capsule
- Develops a plexus
of new blood vessels around itself
Common sites:
- Muscle
- Diaphragm
- Extraocular
- Laryngeal
- Deltoid
- Gastrocnemius
- intercostal
- Heart
Gross features:
Histologic features:
- heart:
- patchy
interstitial myocarditis
- many eosinophils
- scattered giant
cells
- larvae:
- coiled
- surrounded by
membrane-bound vacuoles within nurse cells
- nurse cells
surrounded by new blood vessels and an eosinophil-rich mononuclear cell
infiltrate
Immunophenotype:
Marker:
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Sensitivity:
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Specificity:
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Molecular features:
Other features:
References: