Sclerosing Mediastinitis
Epidemiology:
Common sites:
- anterosuperior mediastinum
(“almost exclusively”)
Gross features:
- firm, white cut
surface
- clear-cut margin
with adjacent adipose tissue
Histologic features:
- dense, fibrohyaline
- relatively avascular
- extremely paucicellular
- collections of
mature lymphocytes
- granulomas, caseating
or non-caseating, sometimes
- fat “incorporation”
rather than infiltration
- scattered fat
globules evenly distributed
Immunophenotype:
Marker:
|
Sensitivity:
|
Specificity:
|
|
|
|
Molecular features:
Other features:
- Clinical features:
- SVC syndrome
- Cardiorespiratory compromise
- Thought to be an
idiosyncratic response to infection of mediastinal
lymph nodes or lungs
- Histoplasma
capsulatum is most common causative organism
- Fungal infection
(histoplastmosis, aspergillosis,
cryptococcosis, mucormycosis)
- Nocardiosis
- Actinomycosis
- syphilis
- Other possible
etiologies:
- Sarcoidosis can be associated
- Drugs:
- Trauma
-
References: