Takayasu
Arteritis
Epidemiology and Etiology:
- Females
younger than 40 usually
-
Common sites:
- medium and
large arteries
- aortic arch and
its branches
- remainder of aorta
(30%)
- pulmonary arteries
(50%)
- coronary arteries
- renal arteries
Gross features:
- irregular
thickening of the aortic or branch vessel wall
- orifice of major
arteries to the upper portion of the body may be occluded
Histologic features:
- mild:
- adventitial mononuclear
infiltrate
- perivascular
cuffing of vasa vasorum
- severe:
- intense mononuclear
inflammation in the media
- granulomatous
inflammation with giant cells in some
- patchy necrosis in
the media in some
- may look exactly
like giant cell arteritis
- DISTINCTION IS
THEN BASED ON AGE
- Post-treatment /
chronic:
- Collagenous fibrosis
involving all layers of the vessel wall
Immunophenotype:
Marker:
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Sensitivity:
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Specificity:
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Molecular features:
Other features:
- ocular
disturbance and weakened radial pulses (pulseless disease)
- course is variable
References: