CROSS-LANGUAGE ARTICULATORY RESEARCH

@ the Phonetics Lab, University of Toronto

Languages & dialects

• Canadian English, Japanese, Korean, Nepali, Polish, Russian, Serbian, Argentine Spanish, Cuban Spanish, Peninsular Spanish, Turkish

Methods

• Electropalatography (EPG) , a WinEPG system by Articulate Instruements (available in our lab)

• Electromagnetic articulography (EMA) , in collaboration with the Oral Dynamics Lab and Haskins Labs

• Ultrasound, available in our lab and in collaboration with the Voice and Resonance Lab and Haskins Labs

Demo: EPG and ultrasound videos of sustained Russian sibilant fricatives

assá	as^js^já	aʃʃá	aʃ^jʃ^já
				front ↕ back
				front

Demo: EPG and ultrasound videos of sustained Russian velarized/palatalized laterals and labio-dental fricatives

allá

al^jl^já

affá

af^jf^já

Ultrasound data collected at Tim Bressmann’s Voice and Resonance Laboratory, Speech Language Pathology, University of Toronto

Japanese EPG data

• Investigator: Alexei Kochetov
• Speakers: 3 female speakers
• Materials: utterances with real and nonsense words, texts
• Focus: palatalized consonants, singetons and geminates, coarticulation, nasal assimilation
• Funding: Connaught
• Publications and presentations: Kochetov et al. (2009)

Sample data: Coronal obstruents, singletons and geminates (speaker J1f)

mata	mat:a	mada	maʧa	maʧ:a	maʤa	masa	mas:a	maza	maʃa	maʃ:a

Sample data: Coronal sonorants, singletons and geminates (speaker J1f)

mana	man:a	maɲa	maɲ:a	maɽa	maɽ^ja

Sample data: Velar obstruents, singletons and geminates (speaker J1f)

maka	mak:a	mak^ja	mak^j:a	maga	mag^ja

Korean EPG data

• Investigators: Alexei Kochetov & Yoonjung Kang
• Speakers: 2 female and 1 male
• Materials: utterances with real and nonsense words, texts
• Focus: place of articulation of ‘palatal’ affricates, laryngeal differences, coarticulation
• Funding: Connaught, SSHRC
• Publications and presentations: Kochetov et al. (2009), Kang & Kochetov (2010)

Sample data: Coronal stops and affricates: lenis, tense, and aspirated (speaker KR3f)

mata	mat*a	mat^ha	maca	mac*a	mac^ha

Sample data: Coronal fricatives and sonorants (speaker KR3f)

masa	mas*a	mana	mala	maja

Nepali ultrasound data

• Investigators: Alexei Kochetov & Marianne Pouplier
• Speaker: a single male speaker of Brahmin dialect
• Materials: utterances with real words
• Focus: retroflexes, inter-gestural coordination, syllable position effects
• Support: data collected at Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT; thanks to Darya Kavitskaya

Sample data: Lingual places of articulation: dental, alveolar, retroflex, and velar

ba: ta:p	ba: tsa:p	ba: ʈa:p	ba: ka:m

Sample data: Laryngeal contrasts in retroflexes: voiceless unaspirated, voiceless aspirated, voiced, and breathy voiced

ba: ʈa:p	ba: ʈ^ha:m	ba: ɖa:m	ba: ɖʱa:p

Sample data: Retroflexes in different syllable positions: onset vs. coda

ba: ʈ^ha:m	pa:ʈ^ha:m	ba: ɖʱa:p	ba:ɖʱ a:m

Russian EPG, EMA, and ultrasound data

• Investigator: Alexei Kochetov
• Materials: utterances with real and nonsense words
• Focus: plain/velarized and palatalized consonants, palatalization, coarticulation, speech errors
• EPG
• Speakers: 1 male
• EMA
• Speakers: 3 female and 1 male
• Support: SSHRC; data collected at Haskins Laboratories, New Haven, CT
• Ultrasound
• Speakers: 1 male
• Support: Connaught; data collected at Tim Bressmann’s Voice and Resonance Laboratory, Speech Language Pathology, University of Toronto
• Publications and presentations: Kochetov 2005, 2006, 2008, 2009, Kochetov & Goldstein 2005, Kochetov & Radišić 2009

Sample data: Articulation of coronal obstruents (speaker R1m)

патапа	патяпа	пацапа	пачапа	пасапа	пасяпа	пашапа	пащапа
patápa	pat^jápa	patsápa	paʧápa	pasápa	pas^jápa	paʃápa	paʃ^jápa

Sample data: Articulation of coronal sonorants (speaker R1m)

панапа	паняпа	палапа	паляпа	парапа	паряпа	паяпа
panápa	pan^jápa	palápa	pal^jápa	parápa	par^jápa	pajápa

Sample data: Articulation of plain and palatalized non-coronal obstruents (speaker R1m)

папапа	папяпа	пакапа	пакяпа	пахапа	пахяпа
papápa	pap^jápa	pakápa	pak^jápa	paxápa	pax^jápa

A sample sagittal display of EMA receiver positions (Upper Lip, Lower Lip, Jaw, Tong Top, Tongue Body, etc., in mm) during the production of palatalized /m^j/ in the context [ta__ apɨ] at the top and vertical trajectories of the Tongue Body and Lip Aperture at the bottom

Sample EMA data: sagittal displays of articulator positions during the constriction and trajectories of the tongue tip (TT) and tongue body (TB) for plain and palatalized laterals and rhotics produced by R3f in the context [ta__ apɨ]

Serbian EPG and ultrasound data

• Investigators: Alexei Kochetov & Milica Radišić
• EPG
• Speakers: 1 male and 3 female speakers
• Materials: utterances with real and nonsense words, texts
• Focus: affricates, palatals, coarticulation
• Support: Connaught
• Presentations and publications: Kochetov et al. (2009)
• Ultrasound
• Speakers: 1 female speaker
• Materials: utterances with real and nonsense words, sustained sounds
• Focus: coronal places of articulation
• Support: data collected at Tim Bressmann’s Voice and Resonance Laboratory, Speech Language Pathology, University of Toronto

Sample data: Coronal obstruents; ultrasound images are based on sustained affricate releases (speaker SR1f)

патапа	пацапа	пачапа	паћапа	пасапа	пашапа
patapa	patsapa	paʧ̺apa	paʨapa	pasapa	paʃapa
	ts -release	ʧ̺-release	ʨ -release	s	ʃ

Sample data: Coronal sonorants; ultrasound images are of sustained articulations (speaker SR1f)

панапа	пањапа	палапа	паљапа	парапа	паjапа
panapa	paɲapa	palapa	paʎapa	parapa	pajapa
		l	ʎ

Examples of variable alveolar/post-alveolar realization of Serbian apical affricate /ʧ̺/ depending on the context in nonsense words ʧ̺upaɲe, ʧ̺uʧ̺aɲe, ʧ̺r̩paɲe, ʧ̺r̩ʧ̺aɲe (чупање, чучање, чрпање, чрчање (speaker SR3f)

Spanish EPG data

• Investigators: Alexei Kochetov & Laura Colantoni
• Speakers: 9
• Argentine Spanish: 4 female and 1 male
• Cuban Spanish: 3 female
• Peninsular: 1 female
• Materials: utterances with real and nonsense words, texts
• Focus: cross-dialectal differences in places of articulation, nasal assimilation, /s/ weakening
• Support: Connaught, SSHRC, Victoria College
• Publications/presentations: Colantoni & Kochetov (2010, to appear), Kochetov et al. (2009), Kochetov & Colantoni (2011ab, to appear, ab)

Sample data: Argentine Spanish coronal obstruents (speaker SP_A1f)

mata	macha	masa	malla	mana	maña	mala	mara	marra
mata	maʧa	masa	maʒa	mana	maɲa	mala	maɾa	mara

Sample data: Peninsular Spanish coronal obstruents (speaker SP_P1f)

mata	macha	masa	malla	mana	maña	mala	mara	marra
mata	maʧa	masa	maʤa	mana	maɲa	mala	maɾa	mara

Examples of fully occluded and deocclucivized (coarticulated) nasals in dirán saga produced by Argentine speaker SP_A4f

Examples of variable deaffrication of /ʧ/ and assimilation of the preceding nasal in dirán chata produced by Cuban speaker SP_C1f

Examples of variable realization of final nasal as complex alveolar-velar or velar in dirán caja produced by Argentine speaker SP_A4f

Related publications and presentations

Colantoni, Laura & Alexei Kochetov. 2010. Palatal nasals or nasal palatalization? Paper presented at the Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL) 40, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, March 26-28.

Colantoni, Laura & Alexei Kochetov. (to appear). An articulatory study of sibilant fricatives in two Spanish varieties. In Selected Papers from the 2010 Laboratory Approaches to Romance Phonology conference (LARP 2010), ed. Scott M. Alvord. Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah. 14 pp.

Kang, Yoonjung & Alexei Kochetov. 2010. Place of articulation and lingual coarticulation of Korean coronal obstruents: An electropalatographic study. Poster presented at the 12th Conference on Laboratory Phonology (LabPhon 12), University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, July 8-10, 2010.

Kochetov, Alexei. 2005. Phonetic sources of phonological asymmetries: Russian laterals and rhotics. In: Proceedings of the 2005 Canadian Linguistics Association Annual Conference, Claire Gurski (ed.), 12 pp.

Kochetov, Alexei. 2006. Syllable position effects and gestural organization: Evidence from Russian. In: Louis Goldstein, Douglas Whalen, and Catherine Best (eds.), Papers in Laboratory Phonology VIII, Phonology and Phonetics Series 4-2. Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 565-588.

Kochetov, Alexei. 2009. Phonetic variation and gestural specification of Russian consonants. In: Variation and gradience in phonetics and phonology. Series: Phonology and Phonetics, Frank Kügler, Caroline Féry, and Ruben van de Vijver (eds.). Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter. 43-70.

Kochetov, Alexei. (2011). Alveolar-to-rhotic coarticulation in North American English: A preliminary EPG study. Proceedings of the 17th International Congress of Phonetics Science (ICPhS 2011), Hong Kong, China. 1118-1121.

Kochetov, Alexei & Laura Colantoni. 2011a. Place vs. stricture in Spanish nasal assimilation. In: West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (WCCFL) 28 Online Proceedings, eds. Mary Byram Washburn, Sarah Ouwayda, Chuoying Ouyang, Bin Yin, Canan Ipek, Lisa Marston, and Aaron Walker. University of Southern California. 9 pp.

Kochetov, Alexei & Laura Colantoni. 2011b. Gestural coordination in Spanish /s/ weakening: An electropalatographic study. Proceedings of the International Seminar on Speech Production (ISSP 2011), Montreal, QC. 8 pp.

Kochetov, Alexei & Laura Colantoni. (to appear, a). Coronal place contrasts in Argentine and Cuban Spanish: An electropalatographic study. Journal of International Phonetic Association. 36 pp.

Kochetov, Alexei & Laura Colantoni. (to appear, b). Spanish nasal assimilation revisited: A cross-dialect electropalatographic study. Laboratory Phonology, 36 pp.

Kochetov, Alexei, Laura Colantoni, Yoonjung Kang, & Milica Radišić. 2009. A preliminary electropalatographic investigation of affricate contrasts in four languages. Paper presented at the 2009 CRC-sponsored Summer Phonetics/Phonology Workshop, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, August 6, 2009.

Kochetov, Alexei and Louis Goldstein. 2005. Position and place effects in Russian word-initial and word-medial clusters. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 117 (4), Pt. 2. 2571.

Kochetov, Alexei & Milica Radišić. 2009. Latent consonant harmony in Russian: Experimental evidence for Agreement by Correspondence. In: Maria Babyonyshev, Darya Kavitskaya, and Jodi Reich. (eds.) Proceedings of the 17th Formal Approaches to Slavic Linguistics (FASL) meeting. Ann Arbor, MI: Jindřich Toman’s Michigan Slavic Publications. 111-130.