Two Approaches to Scripture
It's pedagogically helpful to introduce the
fourth-century debates about Scriptural interpretation and the doctrine of Christ as an oftentimes tense dialogue between two theological tendencies, represented by Antioch and Alexandria. For our purposes, these two cities represent "types"; in practice we can never presume that any particular Scriptural commentator will fit neatly into a category.
Here's a table of the general differences between these two tendencies.
|
Antioch |
Alexandria |
Emphasis
|
Pastoral |
Anagoge (spiritual ascent) |
Exegesis |
Literal / historical |
Allegorical / typological |
Dominant view of Christ |
Jesus of history |
Eternal logos |
Heretical tendencies |
Adoptionism, Arianism |
Docetism, Apollinarianism |
Orthodox examples |
Cappadocian fathers |
Cyril of Alexandria |
Reputed heretics |
Nestorius |
Eutyches |
Conciliar correction |
Ephesus 431 |
Chalcedon 451 |
View of life & faith |
Obedience |
Ascent into mystery |
Christmas carols |
Away in a manger |
Of the Father's love begotten |
Modern representatives |
Society for Biblical Literature |
Northrop Frye |
|